Facing one Qiblah: legal and doctrinal aspects of Sunni and Shi'ah Muslims | |
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The Cambridge history of Islam | Capital cities of Arab Islam |
Other empires followed, notably those of Persia, China and Rome all of which covered vast areas of the world.
24Oxford At The Clarendon Press | Reader's Digest Library of Modern Knowledge, Vol |
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The encyclopedia of religion and war | By the end of the 17th century, this form of state was common all over the Europe |
But the state as it exists today is based on a model that evolved in Western Europe after the fall of the Roman Empire in the 5th Century A.
7.